At a time when traditional forms of reading are no longer taken for granted, and even students of English Literature openly confess that they do not read, we will historicize current reading practices by tracing how and why texts were read in early modern England. One of our guiding questions is whether our post-literary period (Collins 2010) corresponds with a pre-literary period, i. e. the period prior to the 16th century when the concept of reading literature emerged in England. drawing on notions of "participatory reading' (Blatt 2018) we explore reading practices that differ from the now prevailing norm of reading texts silently with practices linked to ‚social reading‘ (especially in the realm of social media) reforming ideas about reading as a foremost private activity.

Printed texts in this period fulfilled a number of functions beyond that of a medium for ideas. They served as gifts, family relics, symbols of social status, registers for important information such as births, deaths or business transactions (often scribbled on the fly-leaves), and even magical talismans. Bibles were opened at random to divine a course of action, touched to the belly or the brow of a child to heal illness, and placed beneath pillows to conjure dreams. (C. Scott Dixon, Contesting the Reformation, 2012, 17, 76)

Following Dixon's notion that printed texts were used for a number of activities, sometimes only loosely related to what we call reading, we will explore early modern texts and traces left by early modern readers that can tell us something about the plethora of activities in connection with reading.

Texts to be read will be provided in this seminar but please feel free to do some preliminary reading that will help you get a grip on the subject.

Arcangeli, Alessandro. “Reading Time: The Act of Reading and Early Modern Time Perceptions.” Journal of Early Modern Studies 6 (2017): 17-37
Blatt, Heather. Participatory Reading in Late-Medieval England. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2018.
Collins, Jim. Bring on the books for everybody: How literary culture became popular culture. Durham, London: Duke University Press, 2010.
Dixon, C. Scott. Contesting the Reformation. London: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012.
Hammond, Mary. Early Readers. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2020.
Littau, Karin. Theories of Reading. Books, Bodies and Bibliomania. London: Polity, 2006.
Sherman, William. Used Books: Marking Readers in Renaissance England. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2009.